Which form of harassment is included in the stalking offense?

• A. Cyberstalking
• B. Physical stalking
• C. Verbal harassment
• D. None

Answer: (A)

Stalking offenses include harassment carried out through electronic means, which is known as cyberstalking. Modern statutes recognize that the pattern of behavior that defines stalking can be carried out online—through texts, emails, social media, or other digital communications—without the need for physical proximity. This makes cyberstalking a form that falls squarely under the stalking framework, because the repeated, unwanted electronic contact is aimed at monitoring, alarming, or intimidating the target.

Physical stalking describes being present or following someone in person, and verbal harassment refers to abusive language; while these can be related issues, the form specifically included in the stalking offense as defined by many laws is cyberstalking, reflecting how stalking can occur online.