Which case is associated with the automobile exception allowing warrantless vehicle searches due to mobility?

• A. Graham v. Connor
• B. Brinegar v. United States
• C. Carroll v. State
• D. Aguilar v. Texas

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is that moving vehicles can be searched without a warrant when there is probable cause to believe they hold evidence of a crime. Cars can quickly relocate or have their contents hidden or destroyed, so waiting for a warrant could make the evidence vanish. This rationale is anchored in Carroll v. United States (often cited in exams as Carroll v. State), which established that the mobility of an automobile allows police to conduct a warrantless search with probable cause. The search can extend to the vehicle and reasonable containers inside that could conceal the evidence sought.

The other cases address different Fourth Amendment issues—excessive force during detention, the necessity of probable cause despite a person’s actions, and how informant tips factor into warrants. They do not establish the automobile exception, which is why this option is the best fit.