Which case holds that Miranda waiver is not required to be in writing; oral waivers will suffice?

• A. Miranda v. Arizona
• B. North Carolina v Butler
• C. Missouri v Seibert
• D. Caldwell v State

Answer: (B)

The main idea tested is whether a waiver of Miranda rights must be written. North Carolina v. Butler holds that a waiver can be oral or implied by conduct after a defendant is informed of their rights; it does not have to be in writing. The Court explained that the waiver must be voluntary, knowing, and intelligent, and it can be inferred from the totality of the circumstances surrounding the defendant’s actions and statements after the warnings are given. This makes it the best answer because it directly addresses how a waiver can be valid without a written form.

The other cases address different aspects of Miranda: one establishes the requirement to warn about rights, another deals with how statements are obtained in relation to those warnings, and a third concerns related issues—none of them establish that a Miranda waiver must be written.