The phrase 'facts and data' implies leaders should evaluate problems by relying on

• A. Rumors
• B. Facts and data
• C. Assumptions
• D. Hope

Answer: (B)

Leaders make better decisions when they base their judgments on facts and data rather than unverified information. Using solid evidence—metrics, reports, statistics—helps you see the true scope of a problem, identify trends, and compare the potential impact of different options. This approach keeps analysis objective, reduces personal bias, and provides a clear trail for accountability and future evaluation. Rumors lack verification and can mislead, offering only anecdotes. Assumptions are guesses without proof, which can lead to costly errors. Hope is an emotional response, not a reliable basis for predicting outcomes. Grounding decisions in facts and data makes it easier to forecast results, adjust strategies as new information appears, and justify choices to others.